A baby's vision continues to develop over the first few months. Initially, they have poor focus and can see objects best at a distance of 8-12 inches (20-30 centimeters), roughly the distance to a caregiver's face during feeding. As their eye muscles strengthen, they can focus on objects farther away.

Many parents experience sleep regression with their babies, typically around the ages of 4 months and 9 months. During these periods, a previously good sleeper may suddenly have trouble sleeping through the night. These regressions are often associated with developmental milestones, teething, or changes in routine.

Babies go through periodic growth spurts, which can lead to increased feeding and fussiness. These spurts are essential for their physical and cognitive development. It's important for parents to recognize and respond to their baby's increased nutritional needs during these times.

Teething is a common milestone that usually begins around six months of age. It can be a challenging time for both babies and parents, as the process of teeth pushing through the gums can cause discomfort and irritability. Providing teething toys or soothing methods can help alleviate some of the discomfort.

While babies don't speak words in their first months, they begin developing the foundation for language. They start by cooing and babbling, experimenting with sounds. By observing and responding to their caregivers' speech, they learn essential communication skills that lay the groundwork for language development.

Social smiles, which emerge around six to eight weeks, are a significant milestone. These smiles aren't just random; they signify a baby's growing awareness of social interactions. Babies smile in response to their caregiver's faces and voices, marking the beginning of their ability to connect emotionally with others.

Babies go through significant motor skills development during their first year. They typically start by lifting their heads while lying on their stomachs (tummy time) and gradually progress to rolling over, sitting up, crawling, and eventually walking. Encouraging these milestones through play and supervised practice helps strengthen their muscles and coordination.